Presence of Triatomine Bugs and Knowledge about Chagas Disease in the Metropolitan Region of Cochabamba, Bolivia.

Abstract

Introduction: Chagas disease is a public health problem in Bolivia, mainly transmitted by triatomine bugs. The Metropolitan Region of Cochabamba presents favorable conditions for its transmission. This study analyzes the presence of the vector in households and the community's knowledge about the disease, aiming to strengthen prevention and control strategies in vulnerable urban and peri-urban areas. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative study was conducted in seven municipalities of the Metropolitan Region of Cochabamba, with 639 surveys applied. The presence of triatomine bugs, vector control practices, knowledge about Chagas disease, and family history were evaluated. Convenience sampling was used. Data were collected through structured surveys and analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Results: 30.7% of respondents reported having seen triatomine bugs in their homes, mainly in Cochabamba and Quillacollo. Only 32.7% reported recent fumigations, and 39.2% considered them effective. 54.5% had received information about Chagas, mainly from health centers. Additionally, 26.3% reported having a family member diagnosed with the disease, indicating the persistence of the problem in the region. Discussion: The persistence of the vector Triatoma infestans in urban and peri-urban areas of Cochabamba reflects structural challenges in the control of Chagas disease. The limited coverage of fumigations and the perception of their low effectiveness highlight the need to strengthen interventions. Furthermore, health education and communication strategies must be improved to enhance community-based prevention and surveillance.